October 21, 2009

The expression $a|b$ means that $a$ divides $b$.  Suppose that $2^{m}|(3^{m}-1)$.  Show that if $m\ne 1$, then $m$ is even.

Solution.   If $m$ is odd, then $3^m \equiv (-1)^m \equiv -1 \pmod {4}$, so $3^m-1 \equiv 2 \pmod {4}$ and is not divisible by $2^m$ for odd $m$ larger than 1.